The 1918 Influenza Pandemic Essay example -- Health Medicine Diseases

The 1918 Influenza Pandemic The United States entered the War in 1918 and brought influenza to America that medical historian Roy Porter has called â€Å"the greatest single demographic shock mankind has ever experienced, the most deadly pestilence since the Black Death.†[1] In the late nineteen thirties, members of the Federal Writer’s Project (FWP) with the Works Progress Administration (WPA), interviewed people who remembered surviving the pandemic. [2] They described a world caught off guard. Newly established â€Å"base camps† became makeshift hospitals and morgues. Doctors, embalmers, laundresses and florists did a brisk trade. Public venues closed, and as entire families became ill, mothers, husbands and soldiers remember coping with quarantines and loss of family. Sufferers put great stock in their ability to treat themselves as doctors and other health officials struggled with ineffective prevention and treatment strategies. For them, the flu of 1918 marked a major life change but it also became a testament to their ability to survive. The flu came fast and it hit hard. Dr. Curtis Atkinson, then a First Lieutenant in the Medical Corps at Fort Riley, Kansas remembered the first military quarantines. â€Å"When the 'flu' epidemic struck Call Field, Sunday, December, 1918, the boys began to come down very rapidly. A foot ball game was in progress. The commanding officer immediately ordered the game stopped and sentinels posted at the gate of the field with orders that no one was to be admitted.†[3] Another soldier, Dr. William W. Wood remembered soldiers and civilians â€Å"dying like sheep.†[4] Melinda Parker remembers how fast she lost her husband. â€Å"My husband†¦ was workin' at the shipyards in Algiers an' he got the flu an' in four day... ...arolina Writer’s Project. [14] â€Å"J. D. Washburn,† Interview by Douglas Carter. [15] â€Å"History of Career (import) of J. H. Kimbrough,† Interview by Marie Reese. [16] â€Å"Mountain Sharecroppers,† Interview by Anne Winn Stevens. [17] Porter, Roy. 484 [18] â€Å"Dr. William W. Wood,† Interview by Miss Effie Cowan. [19] â€Å"Reminiscences centered around Call Field,† Interview by Ethel Dulaney. [20] â€Å"Dr. Wood†, Cowan [21] â€Å" Coal Fields to the Cotton Mill,† Interview by South Carolina Writer’s Project. [22] â€Å"J. D. Washburn,† Interview by Douglas Carter. [23] â€Å"The Influenza Epidemic,† Interview by Jane K. Leary. [24] â€Å"Note French Canadian Personalities,† Interview by Robert Grady. [25] â€Å"The Influenza Epidemic,† Interview by Jane K. Leary. [26] â€Å"Glenn Kanipe.† Interview with Ethel Deal. [27] â€Å"Melinda Parker,† Interview by Louisiana Folklore

Risks and opportunities of Wal-Mart

Sam Walton – a real ‘king’ of XXth-century retail – was able to turn a small store in the center of a provincial town to the world’s largest retailer – Wal-Mart. This man had stepped on a pedal of his business and never let it go; otherwise, he could be crushed by those behind him. The Wal-Mart’s success is grounded on the notion to save customers’ money, so they can live better.The economists’ unfavorable outlook at Wal-Mart Co in the beginning of FY 2007 seems to fade out by the latest data and reports, for this global retailer is focused on constant improving of sales and returns: an 8.1 percent increase in the first quarter to $2.86 billion or 70 cents per share up from $2.65 billion, or 63 cents per share, in the year ago period.Wal-Mart expects the on-going increase in net profit up to $0.99 – $1.03 per share in the fourth quarter and $3.13 – $3.17 in total. Sales of the company rose 8.8 percent to $90. 9 billion (according to the data from Floor Daily and Reuters).Risks of the last year, when the company tried to sell more goods to middle- and high-income shoppers had been reemphasized by executive leadership; therefore, this year brought more opportunities in low-price segment.At present, Wal-Mart Co made some steps forward in its American stores and attracted more consumers, who were pressed by growing prices on foodstuff and energy carriers, and by mortgage crisis. For the past few weeks, the retailer has lowered prices on the most popular toys and 15 thousand of other goods on the threshold of the holiday shopping.The falling of dollar and rising oil prices posed a real threat to weaken international earnings; however, the surprising share of Wal-Mart Stores Inc in the third quarter of FY 2007 has grown due to outlets overseas, tough expenses’ control and preliminary customer expectation model in American stores. While the American picture seems rather clear, forWal-Mar t originated from this country, the international situation was frightening. Europe and Asia are turning America down from the leading position in the world affairs, because of its ‘diplomatic’ operations in Iraq, the growing total debt and unstable economy.Therefore, the outlets in Germany were forced out by domestic stores, outlets in South Korea were closed because of high competition and low market share; â€Å"new social alternative† in India is fighting against Coca-Cola and Wal-Mart. Nevertheless, along with grasping market share in North and Latin America, Wal-Mart had fit the cultural diversity in Asian segment. For example, in China consumers are allowed to choose live fish and seafood by themselves.As the world’s largest retailer, Wal-Mart Co can afford the new technologies, take the role of sponsor in the latest researches and developments, protect the environment and implement the energy- and money-saving equipment in its stores.When Sam Walto n had faced regional discount competition and opened his first discount store, he laid the basis for further successful management strategy: the wide range of goods, the lowest possible prices, the latest technologies, convenient stores and parking, and, as the result, consumers’ satisfaction. Today, the executive leadership of the corporation is aiming its efforts at successful managing of all departments: sales, marketing, human resources, research and development and administration.Step by step, Wal-Mart has filled all market niches, including discount stores, warehouses, grocery and toys stores, optical and pharmaceutical supermarkets, portrait studios. The outlets overseas were depending on the progress and technologies. The spread of democracy in post-communist countries had unveiled the potential of their consumers; so, today, Wal-Mart Stores Inc. is heading to take the largest market share possible in this area.Technological progress with its changes in industry had f orced Wal-Mart Co to implement such   â€Å"A preliminary research for the valuation of Wal-Mart Co† developments as internet access, latest technologies and electronics, online stores in its marketing strategy, in order to keep the leading positions in a highly competitive market.The core trends in business spending lie in progress of environment protection. The sustainable goals of zero waste and reduce of energy at Wal-Mart stores call for fundamental changes. The company has already â€Å"constructed experimental stores to test different ways to conserve water or electricity while also cutting waste† (Maestri, N. Reuters, para.3).The company will also examine the health care issues, the key question that is raised in media; make attempts to fit the highly diversified Asian market to include minorities and women; reduce carbon footprint and track waste. Another business spending is found in sustainable development in China, from which Wal-Mart, either directly or indirectly source goods.Wal-Mart strategy, competencies, and managementMike Duke, the Vice Chairman of Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., in his â€Å"Driving Business Value through Sustainability† presentation has singled out five value drivers of business: brand and reputation, cost reduction, access to talent, associate engagement, innovation (p.8).These drives cover all spheres and level possible, such as worldwide market share and recognition, customers’ and employees’ satisfaction. All reports prove that the principle of each consumer’s satisfaction is the right and unchanging course in varying industry. Sam Walton, an expert, manager and retailer, is also a good teacher, for he could raise a successful team of leaders, who share the same priorities and want to reach the same goals.Recently, Wal-Mart Co had reemphasized the financial management systems and chose the solution SAP ERP Financials to keep up its growth and effective reaction at business changes. Th is teamwork had lead to top, among such competitors as Target, Costco, Kroger, Safeway, Best Buy, etc. Ellis Mnyandu, a Reuter’s reporter, has noted that â€Å"Wal-Mart’s stock gained 6.1 percent to $45.97 after the world’s biggest retailer posted a stronger-than-expected quarterly profit and raised its outlook† (para.17). Facts say louder than words – Wal-Mart Co is worth to be called â€Å"the largest seller in the U.S.† and largest global retailer.References:Bianco, A. (2007). Wal-Mart’s Midlife Crisis. BusinessWeek. April 30. Online. November 28, 2007. Available: http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/07_18/b4032001.htmDuke, M., Hartzfeld, J. (2007). Driving Business Value Through Sustainability. October, 10.Online. The Wal-Mart Live Better Sustainability Summit. November, 28, 2007.Available: http://ceosustainabilitysummit.com/CEODocs/984797/InterfaceRAISEWal- MartSummitBreakout101007.pdfMaestri, N. (2007). Wal-Mart Outlines Environmental Efforts Progress. Reuters UK.November, 15. Online. November, 28, 2007. Available:http://uk.reuters.com/article/environmentNews /idUKN1530614420071115?sp=trueMnyandu, E. (2007). Market soars on tech, banks, Wal-Mart and oil. Reuters. Online. November, 28, 2007. Available: http://www.reuters.com/article/businessNews/idUSL3057195020071113?sp=trueWal-Mart 1Q Earnings Up 8.1%. (2007). Floor Focus. May 15. Online. November, 28, 2007. Available: http://www.floorfocus.com/articlesearchitem.aspx?article=10372Wal-Mart Selects SAP. (2007). SAP Global. October, 18. Online. November, 28, 2007.Available: http://www.sap.com/solutions/business- suite/erp/newsevents/press.epx?pressid=8440   

Animal Testing Is A Cruel And Useless - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1361 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2019/04/12 Category Biology Essay Level High school Tags: Animal Testing Essay Did you like this example? Nelly, a beagle puppy, had a very rough start since the day she was born. She was used for testing in a laboratory, she was sold for experimentation and was later abandoned. As time went by, she was shot and was left for dead with two other assassinated puppies in a locked cage with little space to breathe or move. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Animal Testing Is A Cruel And Useless" essay for you Create order They were left on the side of a lonely road, lost, somewhere in Florida. Nelly, the beagle, deserved better. All of the other animals used for testing, deserve better.Animal testing is a major problem around the US and around the world, it needs to be addressed.Preview 3 main points (1 point each = 3 points): animal testing, why is it wrong, how to stop itEstablish Credibility (1   points): As a pet owner, I was interested in the topic so I did further research. I. First Main Point â€Å" description of the problem (3     points): Animal testing is a cruel and useless, it does not work and only causes harm to hundreds of thousands of harmless animals.A. Subpoint: Animal testing is based when scientists use animals in studies and experiments in order to prove a theory or see how they react to a chemical or trial. Each year, millions of animals including dogs, cats, monkeys, and mice experience cruelty because of these tests and experiments. Throughout this time, the creatures have to breathe in test substances and run the risk that they are toxic.1. Sub-subpoint: As stated on the BBC website, scientists experiment on animals for basic research, investigating potential treatments for human disease, safety and quality control testing of drugs and to explore how organisms function. (Katsnelson, 2013) Most people can agree that animal experimentation is not only outdated but it is immoral and painful as well. However, there are a lot of people who have wrong perception that this practice is necessary for medicine to keep developing and improving. There are several cases that show what they have to go through and the cruelty tested animals experiment. For example, in the state of Virginia scientists forgot to remove one of the rats they used in their experiment out of the cage, and took it to a cage washing system. When the cages are washed, they reach temperatures higher than 180 degrees Celsius, causing the rat to suffer and ultimately die. In another experiment, mice were put in a swimming pool, after a specific time interval researchers placed a wire net that drowned them and did not let them get out. They were underwater for about 30 seconds, to see the effects of underwater trauma. This is an unnecessary practice and torture for the test subjects. And like these, every day, hundreds of thousands of animals, including cats, monkeys, rabbits and dogs, are forced to suffer in laboratories and undergo burning and uncomfortable experiments. One of the first disagreements over animal testing took place about 60 years ago with a published article about Pepper, a dog that was used as a test subject. Pepper was a farmers dog that was kidnapped from his property and was later sold into experimentation. Scientists tried to place an experimental cardiac pacemaker in his body, which led to the dog dying.(Transition point) Furthermore, this is why animal testing is ineffective.II. Second Main Point description of the cause or causes (3   points): Animals are very different from human beings, making them unsuccessful test subjectsA. Subpoint: There are many variances between animals and people that make them poor models for humans, including anatomic and cellular differences.Sub-subpoint: Several years ago, scientist found a relationship between cancer and tobacco use. There was strong data that backed up this information, so it was believed to be true. Researchers used animal and tested them to see how their bodies would react to the tobacco and whether or not it caused them to have cancer. After testing it frequent times, the tobacco did not seem to produce cancer in the animals, so this theory was rejected. Therefore, warnings regarding the dangers of cigarettes and tobacco were rule as false for many years. This shows that only a small portion of substances that are known to produce cancer in humans, cause cancer in animals as well, which makes them poor models. There was another medicine that was used to treat arthritis. After being tested in monkeys several times it was found to be safe, therefore could be used in humans. This medicine has now caused more than three hundred and twenty thousand heart attacks and strokes and about one hundred and forty thousand deaths around the world. According to cruelty free international, out of 93 dangerous drug side effects, only 19% could have been predicted by animal tests. (Against Animal Testing, 2018) About two years ago in Europe, a drug to treat Parkinsons disease was tested in animals to see if it was safe. It was ruled to be fine after it was given to four different species of animals, including mice, rats, dogs, and monkeys and they were all fine. However, when given to people it killed one volunteer and caused other four volunteers to suffer with severe brain damage, ruining their lives forever. (Transition   point) So what other methods can be used?II. Third Main Point â€Å" description of the solution (3 points): There are other alternatives researchers can use instead of animal testing.A. Subpoint: There is no evidence that animal experiments were needed and essential in making major medical advances. If enough money and resources were dedicated to animal-free substitutes, other solutions could be used. 1. Sub-subpoint: According to www.peta.org, alternatives to animal testing include sophisticated tests using human cells and tissues, advanced computer-modeling techniques, and studies with human volunteers. Investigators have created organ on chips that can be used instead of animals. In these chips human cells are grown to do perform the functions of the organs and the organ system as well as to simulate the structure of them. (Peta, 2018) With the new technology, we now have computer models that can show how diseases progress inside the body and models that mimic human biology. It has been found that these models are an accurate prediction of how medicines will react in humans, without having to use animals which most of the time are unreliable. Also, there is a method called micro dosing, that can provide fundamental evidence on how safe an experimental drug is before giving them to humans, especially in large-scale trials. With this way of testing, volunteers are given a very small dose of the medicine and it is only one time. Then, they are monitored closely to see how it reacts in the body and the possible effects of the drug. Mechanized human-patient simulators that are able to breathe, bleed, talk, and even die have shown to be better at teaching students than exercises that implicate using animals.(Transition   point) In conclusion,Conclusion â€Å" To Include: Summary Statement (1   points): Animal testing is still a huge concern today that harms millions of animals per year; however, other alternatives such as organ-on chips, computer models and micro dosing can eradicate this problem.Revisit the Thesis (1   points): The evidence provided shows that animal testing is not effective, and that they are poor models for humans.Reviewed Three Main Points (1 point each = 3 points): animal testing, why is it wrong, how to stop itEnding Statement (5 points)â€Å" try to finish with a BANG So picture yourself in a place you dont know, locked up without any room for movement. People you do not know come and go every couple of hours and rub things into your skin that burns and makes it bleed. They put substances in your eyes that makes you go blind. Imagine being alone and helpless, with people who is waiting to see what makes you die. These are only a few things animals go through during testing, a change needs to be made.(3) APA Style References Against Animal Testing. (n.d.). Retrieved October 26, 2018, from https://www.crueltyfreeinternational.org/why-we-do-it/arguments-against-animal-testing Peta. (2018). Alternatives to Animal Testing. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.peta.org/issues/animals-used-for-experimentation/alternatives-animal-testing/ Katsnelson, A. (2013, June 10). Future Will we ever eliminate animal experimentation? Retrieved from https://www.bbc.com/future/story/20130609-will-we-ever-end-animal-testing

Cultural Identity - 1083 Words

Laurel Monk 03.04.2015 Mrs. Erica Secor Cultural Identity Paper Culture in today’s society has become a very big deal. Different types of culture evolve every day, based on the new ways that are emerging and the opinions different groups of people are coming together to believe in. Each person can socially identify with many different cultures and subcultures based on the things they believe in and like to do. They can also be based on things like how they were raised and the people who influenced a certain type of culture around them. In the following, I will discuss Hidalgo’s three levels of culture as they relate to my personal culture and cultural identity, and how different things in life have influenced what my culture is. I†¦show more content†¦Manners and being courteous and polite is probably the biggest thing about my culture. Rudeness and disrespect is not tolerated in my culture. We also believe in listening and understanding to work out problems. There are many different parts of humanit ies, including literature art or music, which can greatly influence a person’s cultural identity. For me, music is, what I believe, the basis of my cultural identity. Music can provide so much advice from other peoples’ standpoints that touches who I am morally, and emotionally. It is what allows me to express who I am, as well as what I turn to in hard situations. It is what I grew up around, and how I express my religion in church situations. It is also a way for me to teach my child about different aspects of life and culture. Music is involved in every part of my culture. Many people express their cultures differently. I think the first thing I notice about someone’s cultural identity is the way they dress, the way they greet other people, and the way they speak. This kind of helps me get an idea of where the person comes from, maybe the culture that makes them, and it helps me to determine how to greet and speak to them. I am ok with people identifying me t he same way if someone else was trying to determine how to approach me, or understand who I really am. Although I don’t want my physical appearance to be how they judge me, it is justShow MoreRelatedEssay On Cultural Identity1114 Words   |  5 PagesCulture identity development is an important part of every life due the emergence of self through primary and sociocultural contexts (Ecklund, 2016). These stages of development are made up of either a dominant or a non-dominant group and intersectional adaptation. More specifically, cultural identity is a self-construct where individuals share the same culture, which causes them to attribute themselves to that group (Ecklund, 2016). 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My lineage constitutes of indigenous ancestors that like me, share a darker skin tone that till this day is seen imperfect. My parents immigrated to this country in 1996, a year before I was born. My father and his familyRead MoreCultural Identity And Cultural Values1614 Words   |  7 Pagesbecomes internalized and therefore is a driving force in the formation of our unique identities. Cultural identity thus becomes an expression of our governing systems of kinship, ethnicity, race and religion, interacting with the social, economic and political world around us (Hall, 1995). In this way, cultural identity represents the extent we feel connected to and a part of a given cultural group. While identity formation is a fluid construct which is subject to evolution and influence, one couldRead MoreEthnic Identity And Cultural Identity1204 Words   |  5 PagesEthnic identity much like racial identity is difficult to clearly discern and delineate. As a social construct, it is an umbrella term that mark a group affiliation to a common origin, culture, religion, or geography; it consists of shared traditions, behaviors, values and beliefs. (Waters, 1990) Outlining the elements and components of ethnic identity, Phinney and Ong (2007) stress its multidimensionality and dynamism, it encompasses several cultural, linguistic, behavioral features as well as beingRead MoreMy Cultural Identity1173 Words   |  5 Pagesdon’t know very well- ourselves.† Writing about my values has gave me a better understanding of who I am. I now understand the several ways my culture has shaped me to become who I am. My cultural autobiography will allow me to reveal who I truly am by understanding my cultural identity. My cultural identity is the combination of my worldview and values as well as my position in the eight microcultures. My worldview is that I get what I give. 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Evaluation Of A Social Facilitation Theory Based On A...

The authors conducted an experiment to test a social facilitation theory based on a single attribution on a certain level of task. The present study tested effect of distraction based on using two-line comparison of performance. We built two groups which were (a) control groups who do memory test alone and (b) experimental groups who do test with a confederate. We give another replaced purpose when we requested consent from participants for confirming the validity for experiment. The study found no significant effect on memory task under distraction. Furthermore, the presence of others does not appear necessary on simple task. The following discussion will give the explanation of unexpected results.hirty University of British Columbia undergraduates volunteered to participate in exchange for completing their research project in various psychology classes. Sixteen participants served in experimental group (with confederate), and 14 served as controls in one of two conditions. Materials We give the paper 1 with 10 numbers with most two-digit numbers, some three-digit numbers and one four-digit number first. And paper 2 is mixed with a different series of numbers, those ten numbers given before were mixed with another ten numbers. The last paper 3 is a questionnaire about current emotions with 6-points scale. Procedure Each participant was scheduled for a time of 5 minutes before another participant arrived. For the first time, the participants were exchanged students fromShow MoreRelatedThe Term, Social Facilitation, By Floyd Allport1702 Words   |  7 PagesThe term â€Å"Social facilitation â€Å" was coined by Floyd Allport in 1924 and was recently defined by Karau as â€Å"a tendency for the presence of other people to enhance an individual’s performance on a simple or well-learned task but to reduce it on complex or unfamiliar tasks† ( 2012, p. 486). This phenomenon has been widely studied for over a century and has produced numerous theories to explain its occurrence . Beginning with Norman Triplett in 1898, who discovered a social facilitation effect in cyclistsRead MoreSocial Loafing Essay1313 Words   |  6 PagesSocial Loafing A major component of Social Psychological research is based on social loafing. Social loafing can result in diverse possibilities and also not only affects the individual who is conducting the social phenomenon but also group members are subjected to exposure. Discussion regarding the reasons of social loafing as an occurrence will be based primarily on evidence from literature regarding the specific component, envy. Possibilities of outcomes range fromRead MoreQualities Of A Good Leader1961 Words   |  8 Pagesgive feedback to teammates or peers, without being specific using questions, such as â€Å"What angle should your feet be facing?†; a leader has to be able to establish relationships amongst the team, as these relationships are interpersonal; finally a leader needs to be able to confidentially direct a team or a group. However, there are two theories the trait theory and social learning theory which describes the qualities of a good leader. The trait theory suggests that leaders are born with the naturalRead MoreThe Importance Of Emotional Intelligence ( Ei )1645 Words   |  7 Pagesregulate them) (Mayer, Roberts, Barsade, 2008). The model is measured by Mayer-Salovey-Caruso EI test (MSCEIT); combining eight individual tasks related to those in the four capacities. 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The World Free Essays

The world’s biggest software maker felt that it had been robbed, so much so that they posted a high-level summary of 235 patents that were allegedly violated by Free and Open Source Software (FOSS), including the Linux Kernel, Samba, OpenOffice. org, and others . Microsoft does not play when it comes to patent infringement, but did they have a case? †Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ So if Microsoft ever sued Linux distributor Red Hat for patent infringement, for instance, OIN might sue Microsoft in retaliation, trying to enjoin distribution of Windows. We will write a custom essay sample on The World or any similar topic only for you Order Now It’s a cold war, and what keeps the peace is the threat of mutually assured destruction: patent Armageddon an unending series of suits and countersuits that would hobble the industry and its customers. † (Parloff may 28, 2007). Shortly after that, Microsoft entered into a series of three contracts with Novell, one of which was a patent agreement that basically said, â€Å"Don’t sue us and we won’t sue you. † So now the question is â€Å"At the time of the scenario, some dire consequences were predicted for FOSS. How has FOSS fared since then? † From what I have researched so far FOSS generally has still faired fairly well through the whole ordeal. The GNU still viewed as a pinnacle for open source software and distribution. The Deal with Novell was made to walk around the GPL of the GNU and expose loop holes for Microsoft’s gain but also creating a pressing dilemma for the GNU. The deal struck between Novell and Microsoft was a â€Å"we don’t sue you and you don’t sue us† which indicates that not only was FOSS involved in patent infringement but also Microsoft. The Deal included over 200 million dollars to Novell and 43 Million to Microsoft for â€Å"license distribution† of Novells’ Server software. Linux has grown from its earlier days as a fringe operating, evolving more and becoming more wide spread as a use for servers. What impact have these events made since then, or will they make? The threat of a lawsuit had little if any impact on the free open source market at all. People continued to download just about anything these days. Why you ask? It simple, FOSS has good quality codes that can be changed, shared, copied at will, and downloaded. It’s adaptable and it can be tailored to perform almost any large-scale computing job and it is almost crash proof. Software that is free is good to anybody no one can deny that. Many individuals that used open source applications on their smart devices, as well as large companies which use these applications for daily activity for their need in their company. FOSS is great for everyone because it can be shared, copied, changed and of course downloaded. FOSS is not going anywhere just for the reason being that it’s free. Has FOSS been hurt, helped, or neither? Big corporate companies have been changing their philosophy on open source software since Microsoft posted their findings in 2006. Major corporations like IBM, Oracle and Google have been using FOSS. They are big allies to FOSS so in my opinion I think it has helped them because then other small companies that actually look up to these powerful corporations would later start using FOSS. When something is starting to being used and downloaded on a constant basis, this means it’s becoming popular and it is in high demand. So it has helped them since then. Free software is great, and corporate America loves it. What in FOSS’s or Microsoft’s actions against FOSS has changed since then? Microsoft actions towards FOSS since then allegations were published is to get paid, the company is trying to still get royalties from developers that use FOSS. After the deal between Novell and Microsoft, Novell continued getting open source software getting their royalties and charging for them instead of being free. Microsoft did not sued FOSS but are lobbying their hardest (unsuccessfully I might add) in getting most of the large corporations to not join or ally themselves with FOSS. Bibliography Parloff, R. CNN Money, â€Å"Microsoft Takes on the Free World. † Last modified may 28,2007. Accessed July 29, 2012. http://money. cnn. com. How to cite The World, Papers The world Free Essays There are too many parts In his recordings that do not make sense that lead me to my decision. The accounts of Pocahontas are a major factor that many say make Smiths works not credible. When John Smith was kidnapped by the King of the Photostat Tribe, Pocahontas’ dad, they were about to kill him then and there. We will write a custom essay sample on The world or any similar topic only for you Order Now Side note: they kidnapped Smith just to kill him instead of ailing him during the battle between Smiths men and the Native Americans. Why would they spear Smith’s life after they killed all his men? Anyways, right before the King his men were about to kill him, weapons drawn, this young girl Jumps in and shields Smith from the men. â€Å"Pocahontas with no appeal or petition got his head in her arms and laid her own upon his o save him from death. † She happened to be the king’s daughter. She was so brave that she risked her own life Just to save a stranger that was an enemy In her father’s eyes. But John Smith does not give us any time of season why Pocahontas did this for him because when Pocahontas covered him they didn’t kill him. Later in the story he records how after he was released, Pocahontas was providing him with food and other things so he wouldn’t starve to death. But yet again Smith doesn’t record why she is doing this for him, making a reader like me suspicious about his credibility. Maybe she had a crush on him but I don’t think they were secretly in love because she was probably too young for him. Throughout Smiths writings in â€Å"A General History’ his accounts of Pocahontas, e makes mostly everything seem to not be his fault. He doesn’t tell us or explains to us the wrong decisions he made that lead to his close encounters with death. He makes It seem like he was o innocent. He was proud, arrogant, and boastful, writing in 3rd person about himself, removing himself away from the narrative. He TLD care about the other tribes around his area, stealing food and necessities from them. Even though it was for the good of his own colony or group of people, it still isn’t right to steal from others and sin like that, then go on to write about Religion and how people should go about it in the â€Å"New World. Most likely the other tribes will fight back. I question if Smiths recordings of Pocahontas are real because how can Smith get kidnapped released all because a girl he never met shielded him. Pocahontas saved him and now he gets to go? Why didn’t the king search for him? It’s funny because Smith refers to the king as a devil and refers to the Native Americans as â€Å"Barbarians . † How was the King the devil if he spared your life and traded with your colony In the future? I think Smith was captured then released on a deal that was dad between him and the King, probably a deal to help the Photostat tribe out because Smith was a smart resourceful man. I don’t know why he had to put the Pocahontas story into his recordings instead of just telling the truth, because that accounts of Pocahontas in his 1607 recordings, but he mentions the Photostats. It wasn’t till his 1624 recordings 20+ years later, that he mentions Pocahontas long after she died. So now we don’t have any witnesses or any accounts from Pocahontas about what really happened or if the story is fabricated and never actually appended. I believe Smiths accounts in â€Å"A description of new England† are credible. He drew maps for future colonies and focused heavily on religion, encouraging people to come to the New World. But I do not think he cared about any of these things. He probably wanted people come to so he could make money by promoting the World, because maybe somebody was paying him. He probably sold the maps he drew to the people he was recruiting to come to the new World. To conclude my paper I tell you again that I do not believe that John Smith was a reducible writer. If he explained the things that happened in the Photostat tribe more thoroughly, I think I would have a change of mind about his credibility. Why would a young girl who is a stranger to Smith save his life twice for no reason? Why wouldn’t Smith explain why she does these things? The king released Smith and later became friends with him, why? That makes no sense. A normal person would be confused as am while reading this. As I said if one story isn’t believable, it makes me question all his other accounts of what happened. How to cite The world, Papers

Symbolism In The Lottery Essay Research Paper free essay sample

Symbolism In The Lottery Essay, Research Paper The Use of Symbolism in Shirley Jackson # 8217 ; s # 8220 ; The Lottery # 8221 ; Within the first few lines of Shirley Jackson # 8217 ; s # 8220 ; The Lottery # 8221 ; we are faced with such adjectives as clear, cheery, fresh and heat. She goes on to paint a image of little kids merely out of school for the summer, as the townsfolk gather for the one-year Lottery. This leads us to believe that the remainder of the narrative is every bit gay as the summer twenty-four hours ab initio described. We as the readers are virtually incognizant of the atrocious senseless events that lie in front. Through the usage of symbolism Shirley Jackson reveals the underlying decay of moralss that consequences from an empty rite followed by shockable people. Tessie Huchinson symbolizes the typical townsperson who lacks ethical motives and conforms to the multitudes. Upon debut she exudes a unworried attitude when she arrives tardily at the lottery, by jesting with Mr. Summers and pressing her hubby to, # 8220 ; Get up at that place? # 8221 ; when their name is called to pick ( Jackson 77 ) . Consequently, the minute she finds out that her hubby has the black point Tessie yells, # 8220 ; It wasn # 8217 ; t carnival! # 8221 ; ( Jackson 78 ) . Naturally, the remainder of the egoistic people urge her to # 8220 ; [ b ] e a good athletics # 8221 ; ( Jackson 78 ) . The most distressing event in the full narrative is when Tessie tries to acquire her older girls to be portion of the concluding picking, and is dissapointed when she is told that they are merely drawn with their hubbies. The lottery returns and Tessie is stoned to decease by her fellow neighbours. Shirley Jackson wants us to drift along with her cheerful narrative and be wholly appalled in the terminal at the entire loss of human decency. Although Tessie was non said to be spiritual, her name might hold been tied to a spiritual progressive named Anne Huchinson. # 8220 ; Anne was bani shed from Massuchusetts for # 8216 ; Trauding the curates # 8217 ; in 1637 # 8243 ; ( 6: 175 ) . Possibly Jackson was paralleling both Tessie being stoned and Anne being banished for mindless grounds. Symbolically the beat-up black box represents the decease that it brings to the community every bit good as a worn out tradition. The box is mentioned repeatedly throughout the narrative, which is a mark of its importance, although we are kept in the dark about its ultimate map until the really terminal. It is described as # 8220 ; ? no longer wholly black but splintered severely along one side to demo the original wood colour, and in some topographic points [ is ] faded or stained. # 8221 ; ( Jackson 75 ) . This seems to besides depict the lottery itself- old, faded, and stained with the blood of all those who have died in old ages by. Ironically, the black box used in the narrative was said non to be the original box and the documents that they used were replacements for the old wood french friess. This is a mark that the tradition is so old and meaningless that it can be invariably added to or taken away from. # 8220 ; Mr. Summers spoke often to the villag Ers about doing a new box, but no 1 liked to upset even every bit much tradition as was represented by the black box? [ and ] every twelvemonth the topic was allowed to melt off without anything being done† ( Jackson 75 ) . Possibly Mr. Summers’s thought symbolizes a demand for a new tradition. The diverse characters within the narrative represent assorted positions and thoughts in a symbolic mode. # 8220 ; The lottery was conducted-as were the square dances, the teen-age nine, the Halloween program-by Mr. Summers, who had clip and energy to give to civic activities # 8221 ; ( Jackson 74 ) . The last name # 8216 ; Summers # 8217 ; can evidently be connected to the season of summer, he besides runs a coal concern, his married woman is ever call on the carpeting him, and with his unit of ammunition gay face he seems to stand for something cheery and light, like the Sun. His character seems to Illuminate the surface tone of the narrative while at the same clip underscores the ultimate sarcasm. The adjectives used within the narrative to depict his demeanour were of peculiar involvement, for illustration # 8220 ; ? one manus resting heedlessly on the black box? as he talked endless to Mr. Graves? # 8221 ; ( Jackson 75 ) . He appears to be bored and put out with the whole event. Another good illustration of his attitude is when he says gravely, # 8220 ; conjecture we better get started, acquire this over with so # 8217 ; s we can travel back to work # 8221 ; ( Jackson 76 ) . This illustrates Mr. Summers # 8217 ; deficiency of empathy for his fellow townsfolk, whose destiny is in his custodies. Ironically his helpers name is Mr. Graves, which isn # 8217 ; t meaningful until the terminal. Mr. Summers is what you would name the Satan in camouflage, a cold heartless slayer. Old Man Warner # 8217 ; s character represents the stubborn, closed minded, old traditional manner of believing that applauds this mindless ritual. In mention to the remark made about topographic points up north giving up the lottery he comments, # 8220 ; Pack of brainsick saps? listening to the immature folks, nil # 8217 ; s good plenty for them. # 8221 ; His justification is, # 8220 ; There # 8217 ; s ever been a lottery # 8221 ; ( Jackson 77 ) . He has been involved in the lottery for 77 old ages, which has conditioned him to believe that they are making the right thing. As discussed in category, the subject to this narrative can be expressed within a quotation mark, # 8220 ; Although the villagers had forgotten the ritual and lost the original black box, they still remembered to utilize rocks # 8221 ; ( Jackson 79 ) . The tradition and its map had been forgotten yet these people still killed one of their friends every summer. Shirley Jackson symbolically paints us an unsettling portrayal of the loss of human decency that consequences when apparently civilised people ignorantly conform to the multitudes. # 8220 ; Hutchinson, Anne. # 8221 ; The New Encyclopedia Britannica. 1986. Jackson, Shirley. # 8220 ; The Lottery. # 8221 ; Literature and the Writing Process. Elizabeth Mc Mahan, Susan X Day, and Robert Funk. 5th erectile dysfunction. Upper Saddle River, New jersey: Prentice, 1999. 74-79.